Cancer
Cancer Description
Oncology, the field of medicine dedicated to cancer, addresses the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. Cancer involves abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Its a complex group of diseases with many possible causes, requiring a multifaceted approach to treatment. Oncologists play a crucial role in cancer care, from initial diagnosis to palliative care, working closely with patients to navigate the challenging journey of cancer treatment.
Cancer Causes
Genetic mutations that cause cells to grow uncontrollably and resist normal death processes.
Lifestyle factors such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and unhealthy diet.
Exposure to environmental toxins, including radiation and certain chemicals.
Certain infections, such as human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis, which can increase cancer risk.
Chronic inflammation, which can lead to DNA damage over time.
Age, as the risk of most cancers increases with age due to the accumulation of risk factors and longer exposure to carcinogens.
Cancer Treatments
Surgery to remove cancerous tissue.
Chemotherapy to target cancer cells with drugs.
Radiation therapy to destroy cancer cells with high-energy rays.
Immunotherapy to boost the body’s natural defenses to fight the cancer.
Targeted therapy to block the growth and spread of cancer by interfering with specific molecules involved in tumor growth and progression.
Hormone therapy to treat certain types of cancers that are influenced by hormones.
